八下仁爱英语句子结构

【解析】附件内容详细丰富

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

一、句子成份

英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。

顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：

Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）

We often speak English in class.（代词）

One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）

To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）

Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）

The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）

When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）

Itis necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）

2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。

1)简单谓语： We study for the people.

2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..

3、表语:它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。

My sister is a nurse.

Is it yours?（代词）

The weather has turned cold.（形容词）

The speech is exciting.（分词）

Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）

His job is to teach English.（不定式）

His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）

The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）

Timeis up. The class is over.（副词）

The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）

4、宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English.

How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）

They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）

It began to rain.（不定式短语）

I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）

I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

He gave me some ink.

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：

We make him our monitor(班长).

5、宾补:就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street

His father namedhim Dongming.（名词）

They painted（涂漆） their boat white.（形容词）

Let the fresh（新鲜的） air in.（副词）

You mustn’t forcehim to lend his money to you.（不定式短语）

We saw her enteringthe room.（现在分词）

We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）

6、定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student.

但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。

The bike in the room/over there/is mine.

Guilin is a beautifulcity.（形容词）

China is a developing（发展中） country; America is a developed（发达） country.（分词）

There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词）

Hisprogress（进步）inEnglish made us surprised.（代词）

Our monitor（班长） is always the first toenter the classroom.（不定式短语）

Heis reading an article(文章) about how to learn English.（介词短语）

7、状语:修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 He lives in London.

Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）

Hehas lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）

Heis sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.（不定式短语）

Heis in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）

Once（一旦0 you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）

状语种类如下：

How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）

Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）

Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）

Shecame in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）

He was so tired that he fell a sleep immediately.（结果状语）

She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）

I am taller than he is.（比较状语）

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：

1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3. I shall answer your question after class.

4. His job is to train swimmers.

5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

6. His wish is to become a scientist.

7. He wants to finish the work in time.

8. Tom came to ask mefor advice（建议）.

9. He found it important to master English.

10. Do you have anything else to say?

11. Would you please tell me your address?

12. He sat there,reading a newspaper.

13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

14. He noticed（注意到） a man enterthe room.

15. The apples tasted sweet.

简单句的五种基本句型

英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：

S十V主谓结构 主语 ＋ 不及物动词

S十V十P主系表结构 主语 ＋ 连系动词＋表语

S十V十O主谓宾结构 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语

S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构

S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构

判断类型和句子成分：

She came． She likes English. She is happy．

The teacher asked me to read the passage. She bought a book for me.

She gave John a book． My headaches.

Shemakes her mother angry．The sun was shining. Themoonrose.

Theytalked forhalf an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

The dinner smellsgood. 午餐的气味很好。 Everythinglooks different. 一切看来都不同了。

He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 His face turned red. 他的脸红了。

Whoknowstheanswer? 谁知道答案？ Heenjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。

Iwantto have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。Heboughtyoua dictionary.

Sheorderedherselfanew dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

Shecookedher husbanda delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。

Ishowedhimmy pictures. Igavemy cara wash.我洗了我的汽车。

Heshowedmehow to run the machine. 他教我开机器。 Whatmakes him think so? 他怎么会这样想？

The children areplaying happily. The Greensenjoy living in China.

Hebecame a famous doctor.他成为了一名著名的医生。

Theapple pie tastes really delicious.苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

基本句型一：S十V主谓结构

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall,happen, rise,

1).学生们学习很努力。_____________________________________

基本句型二:S十V十P主系表结构常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)

A.表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain,等等。

8) We should __________ __________ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。

9)这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.

B.表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如：

10) Spring comes. It is ______________________________.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。

11) Don't have the food._______________________________.不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。

基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构

13)我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.

16）Theyhave ________ ________ _________ of the children．这些孩子他们照看得很好。

基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有： bring, give,hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有： buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏)， sing,等。

18）Yesterdayher father _______________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthdaypresent.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

19) The old man ___ ________ ____ __________ _________ in the Long March.(正在给孩子们讲故事)

这种句型还可转换为：动词＋直接宾语＋for/ to sb.

20) Please show meyour picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____. 请把你的画给我看一下。 I _______ _______the salt. = I _______thesalt _____ _____.我把书递给他。

基本句型五: S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。call（叫）, choose（选）, find（发现）, make, name, (命名)

22）Keep________________________________, please.请让孩子们安静下来。

23）They painted ______ ______________. 他们把门漆成绿色。 We must ______ ______________ ______.我们必须保持我们的学校洁。

He asked me _____ ________________ soon. 他要我早点回来。

24）我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。______________________________________________.

注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：25）The boss _______________ _________ all day. (迫使他劳动) We saw _____ _________. (他出去)。

考点突破训练

( )1、Iam sorry to have kept you______

Ato wait B wait C waitedD waiting

( )2、I felt somebody ______ me

Atouch B touched C to touchD touches

( )3、He taught me _____ speak English

A how shouldB how C how can I D how to

( )4、I shall make your dream ______

A coming trulyB come true C to come true D comes true

( )5、He told _____ home

A usnot to go B we not go C us not goD us to not go

( )6、I think _____ a good habit to get up early

A thisB it C that D its

( )7、Roses in bloom smell ______

Asweeten B sweetly C sweetD sweetness

( )1. The weather ____.

A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D.were wet and cold

( ) 2. The apple tasted ____.

A. sweets B.sweetly C. nicely D. sweet

( ) 3. He got up ____ yesterday morning.

A. lately B. late C.latest D. latter

( )4.____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.

A. We, us B.Us, we C. We, our D. We, we

( )5.Ithink _____necessary（必要的） to learn English well.

A. its B.it C. that D. that is

( ) 6. The dog ____ mad（疯的）.

A. looks B.is looked C. is being looked D.was looked

判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：

1. We often study Chinese historyon Friday afternoon.

2. The boy who offered me his seatis called Tom.

3. There is a chair in this room,isn’t there?

4. My brother and I go to schoolat half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.

5. He is in Class One and I am inClass Two.

6. He was fond of drawing when hewas yet a child.

7. Neither has he changed hismind, nor will he do so.

8. What he said at the meeting isvery important, isn’t it?

9. The farmer is showing the boyhow to plant a tree.

10. Both Tom and Jack enjoycountry music.

八年级英语句子翻译.在线等！！！ 急急急！！！！

◎请告诉我眼下最流行的度假方式是什么？ Please tell me what are the most popular way of spending vacation at the moment. ◎中国东西部相当不一样。

West China is quite differnet from East China. ◎那些老人经常骑车出游。

那肯定比老待在家里有乐趣。

Those old men often go bike riding.That has much more fun than staying at home.

八下英语翻译句子。

We are never too young to do anything.Nothing is impossible.Shane on you.Good luck.What else? Anything else?I hope you will batter soon.See you tomorrow.What is the matter with you?I do not believe in you...........

八年级英语根据汉语意思完成句子

句型转换专项练习1 He does his homework on Sunday.（改为否定句） He his homework on Sunday.2 Dick is watching TV now .（用sometimes改写） Dick sometimes.3 He watches TV three times a week.（就画线部分提问） does he watch TV?4 He often helps me with my English.（改为同义句） He often helps me English.5 What is the weather like in Beijing？ （改为同义句） the weather in Beijing?6 What other things did you do on your day off？ （改为同义句） did you do on your day off?7 Our class had a great time on the school trip. （改为同义句） Our class on the school trip. Our class on the school trip.8 He came back home late. （用in two hours改写句子） He come back home .9 She is a conductor of a train.（用soon改写句子） She a conductor of a train soon.10 My father would like to go out for a walk. （就画线部分提问） would your father like ?11 May I borrow your knife,please？ （改为同义句） Could I please your knife me, please?12 He is too young to go to school. （改为同义句） He isn't go to school.13 Bob is fatter than any other boy. （改为同义句） Bob is the boys.14 She helps her mother do the housework. （改为同义句） She her mother the housework.15 I think I can mend it . （改为否定句） I think I mend it.16 What's the matter with your throat？ （改为同义句） What's your throat?17 The blue bag is the biggest of all. （就画线部分提问） is the biggest of all?18 Tom is good student. Mary is a good student, too.（合并为一句） Tom Mary good students.19 Sarah went home after the rain stopped. （改为同义句） Sarah home the rain stopped.20 There is little milk in the glass.（改为反意疑问句） There is little milk in the glass, 21 It took me twenty minutes to get to school. （改为同义句） I twenty minutes to school.22 Sally never goes to the market by bike. （改为同义句） Sally never the market.23 They get to school at eight in the morning. （改为同义句） They school at eight in the morning.24 I'm athletic. He's athletic,too. （合并为一句） I am he is .25 She draws very well. （改为同义句） She is very at .26 I'm in Class 3, He is in Class 3, too. （改为同义句） He and I are class.27 You must put these things into the blender.（改为祈使句） .28 How was your day off？ （改为同义句） was your day off ?29 Jim is 12 years old. Kate is 10 years old. （合并为一句） Jim is Kate.30 We can't go there because it is raining. （改为同义句） We can't go there the rain.31 Chi wants to be an actor. （就画线部分提问） Chi to be?32 My uncle is a reporter. （就画线部分提问） your uncle? your uncle ? your uncle's ?33 I think Eliza is the best performer. （就画线部分提问） is the best performer?34 Tina liked playing tennis. （用play basketball改选择疑问句） Tina like tennis ?35 The girl looked after the baby well. （改为同义句） The girl the baby.参考答案1 doesn't do 2 watches TV 3 How often 4 to learn 5 How is 6 What else 7 enjoyed ourselves, had great fun 8 will in two hours 9 will be 10 What to do 11 lend to 12 old enough to 13 the fattest of all 14 helps with 15 don't can 16 wrong with 17 Which bag 18 Both and are 19 didn't go until 20 is there 21 spent getting 22 rides her bike to 23 arrive at 24 as athletic as 25 good drawing 26 in the same 27 Put these things into the blender. 28 What like 29 two years older than 30 because of 31 What does want 32 What is, What does do, What is job 33 Who do you think 34 Did playing or playing basketball 35 take good care of 少了15题，不会介意吧？